Apache Tomcat

Allikas: Kuutõrvaja
(Ümber suunatud leheküljelt Jakarta-tomcat)

Sissejuhatus

Apache Tomcat http://tomcat.apache.org/ on java rakendusserver, mis sisaldab sellist funktsionaalsust

  • java servlettide kasutamine
  • java server pages (JSP) kasutamine
  • ajp ja http protokolli tugi

2010 aasta kevadel on tarkvara viimane stabiilne versioon 6.x.

Keskkonna ettevalmistamine

  • Tomcat kasutamiseks peab olema süsteemis Java
  • Tomcat töötab tavaliselt mitteprivilegeeritud kasutaja:grupina tomcat:tomcat

Tarkvara paigaldamine

Apache Tomcat paigaldamiseks on tavaliselt

  • operatsioonisüsteemi paketihaldusest või portsudest
  • kasutatakse aadressilt http://tomcat.apache.org/ kopeeritud kompileeritud tarkvara

Debian GNU/Linux

TODO

FreeBSD

Installime tomcat serveri 

cd /usr/ports/www/jakarta-tomcat5
make install clean

Mille järel antakse kasutaja umbes järgnev info 

Installation settings:
   Destination directory:    /usr/local/jakarta-tomcat5.0
   Location of JDK:          /usr/local/diablo-jdk1.6.0
   Location of Java port:    java/diablo-jdk16
   Running as (user/group):  www/www
   HTTP port:                8180
   Shutdown listener port:   8005
   AJP 1.3 connector port:   8009
   Logfile stdout:           /usr/local/jakarta-tomcat5.0/logs/stdout.log
   Logfile stderr:           /usr/local/jakarta-tomcat5.0/logs/stderr.log

Ning seejärel palutakse tirida seoses litsentsitingimustega java ning paigutada see /usr/ports/distfiles 

Because of licensing restrictions, you must fetch the distribution
manually.

Please access

    http://www.FreeBSDFoundation.org/cgi-bin/download?download=diablo-caffe-freebsd7-amd64-1.6.0_07-b02.tar.bz2

with a web browser and "Accept" the End User License Agreement for
"Caffe Diablo 1.6.0".

Please open http://java.sun.com/javase/downloads/index.jsp
in a web browser and follow the "Download" link for
"JDK US DST Timezone Update Tool - 1_3_15" to obtain the
time zone update file, tzupdater-1_3_15-2009g.zip.

Please place the downloaded file(s) in /usr/ports/distfiles.

Apache paigaldus 

cd /usr/ports/www/apache2
make with_PROXY_MODULES=yes install clean

Seadistus

avame /etc kaustas rc.conf ja lisame 

apache2_enable="YES"
tomcat50_enable="YES"

Stardime java serveri 

/usr/local/etc/rc.d/tomcat50 start

seadistame nüüd apache. Läheme lihtsamat teed ja kasutame mod_proxy't mod_jk asemel.

Loome virtualhost httpd.conf'i 

<VirtualHost *:80>
  ServerName www.mingine.ee
  ProxyPass         /  http://localhost:8180/
  ProxyPassReverse  /  http://localhost:8180/
</VirtualHost>

selleks ,et wad failide lisamine toimiks tuli minul vähemalt kasutada veel käsku 

chown -R www:www /usr/local/jakarta-tomcat5.0/webapps/

Seame ka veebi administraatorile parooli

avame kaustas /usr/local/jakarta-tomcat5.0/conf faili tomcat-users.xml

ja muudame selle sisu selliseks 

<?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?>
<tomcat-users>
  <role rolename="tomcat"/>
  <role rolename="role1"/>
  <role rolename="manager"/>
  <user username="kasutaja" password="salasona341" roles="manager"/>
  <user username="both" password="tomcat" roles="tomcat,role1"/>
  <user username="role1" password="tomcat" roles="role1"/>
</tomcat-users>


avades nüüd veebi

www.mingine.ee

tervitab meid jakarta avaleht kus saame manager alla logida enda kasutaja ja parooliga ja lisada wad'e ehk java koodi konteinereid.

Muide serveri sisse lisades uploadimine miskipärast ei töötanud, soovides lisada faile mis asuvad samas serveris tuleb kirjutada selle täisrada kujul file:/kaust/rakendus.wad ja deployda

Tomcat5.gif

Servlet

HelloWorld

Tomcatiga kaasa tuleva servleti näidise kompileerimiseks sobib öelda nt 

$ cd /usr/local/tomcat/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes
$ javac -cp /usr/local/tomcat/lib/servlet-api.jar HelloWorldExample.java

kus 

$ cat HelloWorldExample.java
import java.io.*;
import java.util.*;
import javax.servlet.*;
import javax.servlet.http.*;

public class HelloWorldExample extends HttpServlet {

  public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
     throws IOException, ServletException
   {
      ResourceBundle rb = ResourceBundle.getBundle("LocalStrings",request.getLocale());
       response.setContentType("text/html");
       PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();

       out.println("Hello World");
   }
}

Andmebaasi pooli seadistamine servletist kasutmiseks

HelloOracle pooli seadistamine

Failis conf/server.xml 

   <GlobalNamingResources>
   ...
   <Resource name="jdbc/yhendusenimi" auth="Container"
     type="javax.sql.DataSource" driverClassName="oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver"
     username="orclkasutajanimi" password="parool" maxActive="20" maxIdle="10" removeAbandoned="true"
     maxWait="-1"
     url="jdbc:oracle:thin:@192.168.10.53:1521:loom.loomaaed"/>       

   </GlobalNamingResources>

kus

  • Oracle RAC puhul sobib kasutada urli väärtusena
url="jdbc:oracle:thin:@(DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS_LIST = \
 (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.13.66)(PORT = 1521)) \
 (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.13.67)(PORT = 1521)) \
 (LOAD_BALANCE = yes)) \
 (CONNECT_DATA = (SERVICE_NAME = loom.loomaaed) \
 (FAILOVER_MODE = (TYPE = SELECT)(METHOD = BASIC))))"/>

Failis conf/context.xml 

 <Context reloadable="true">

   <WatchedResource>WEB-INF/web.xml</WatchedResource>
 
   <ResourceLink name="jdbc/loom"
     type="javax.sql.DataSource"
     global="jdbc/yhendusenimi"/>
 
 </Context>

Lisaks peab olema sobib jdbc teek Tomcati teekide kataloogis, nt 

 /usr/local/tomcat-5.5/lib/ojdbc14.jar

HelloOracle näide

import javax.naming.Context;
import javax.naming.InitialContext;
import java.sql.*;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.SQLException; 
import java.net.*;
import javax.sql.*;

import java.io.*;
import java.util.*;
import javax.servlet.*;
import javax.servlet.http.*;
   
public class HelloWorldExample extends HttpServlet {
 String message = "Not Connected";

   public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request,
                     HttpServletResponse response)
       throws IOException, ServletException
   {
       ResourceBundle rb =
           ResourceBundle.getBundle("LocalStrings",request.getLocale());
       response.setContentType("text/html");
       PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();

  Connection conn = null;
  ResultSet rst = null;  
  Statement stmt = null; 
  try {
     Context initContext = new InitialContext();
     Context envContext = (Context) initContext.lookup("java:/comp/env");
     DataSource ds = (DataSource)envContext.lookup("jdbc/loom");      
       
    if (envContext == null) throw new Exception("Error: No Context");
    if (ds == null) throw new Exception("Error: No DataSource");
    if (ds != null) conn = ds.getConnection();

    if (conn != null) {
       message = "Got Connection " + conn.toString() + ", ";
       stmt = conn.createStatement();
       rst = stmt.executeQuery("select BANNER from SYS.V_$VERSION");
    }
    if (rst.next()) message = rst.getString(1);
  rst.close();
  rst = null; 
  stmt.close();
  stmt = null; 
  conn.close(); // Return to connection pool
  conn = null; // Make sure we don't close it twice

} catch (Exception e) {
  e.printStackTrace(); 

} finally {
  // Always make sure result sets and statements are closed,
  // and the connection is returned to the pool
  if (rst != null) {
     try {
        rst.close();
     } catch (SQLException e) {;}
     rst = null;
  }

  if (stmt != null) {
     try {
        stmt.close();
     } catch (SQLException e) {;}
     stmt = null;
  }

  if (conn != null) {
     try {
        conn.close();
     } catch (SQLException e) {;}
     conn = null;
  }
}  
    
out.println(message);

   }
}

Kopileerimiseks 

$ javac -cp /usr/local/tomcat/lib/servlet-api.jar:/usr/local/tomcat/lib/ojdbc14.jar HelloWorldExample.java

Käivitamiseks küsida brauseriga nt 

http://loomaaed.tartu.ee:8080/examples/servlets/servlet/HelloWorldExample

Kasulikud materjalid

HelloPostgreSQL pooli seadistamine

Failis conf/server.xml 

   <GlobalNamingResources>
   ...
   <Resource name="jdbc/yhendusenimi" auth="Container"
     type="javax.sql.DataSource" driverClassName="org.postgresql.Driver"
     username="postgreskasutajanimi" password="parool" maxActive="20" maxIdle="10" removeAbandoned="true"
     maxWait="-1"
     url="jdbc:postgresql://192.168.1.247/baasinimi"/>       

   </GlobalNamingResources>

kus

Failis conf/context.xml 

 <Context reloadable="true">

   <WatchedResource>WEB-INF/web.xml</WatchedResource>
 
   <ResourceLink name="jdbc/loom"
     type="javax.sql.DataSource"
     global="jdbc/yhendusenimi"/>
 
 </Context>

Lisaks peab olema sobiv jdbc teek Tomcati teekide kataloogis, nt 

 /usr/local/tomcat-5.5/lib/postgresql-8.4-701.jdbc4.jar

HelloPostgreSQL programmi näide

Samasugne nagu Oracle puhul, ainult select on nt 

rst = stmt.executeQuery("select version();");

Kopileerimiseks 

$ javac -cp /usr/local/tomcat/lib/servlet-api.jar:/usr/local/tomcat/lib/postgresql-8.4-701.jdbc4.jar HelloWorldExample.java

Rakenduste paigaldamine

Üks viis rakedusi paigaldada (ingl. k. deploy) on kopeerida vastav arhiiv, nt .war fail webapps kataloogi ning töötab Tomcati protsess pakib arhiivi lahti ja rakendus muutub automaatselt kasutatavaks.

Tomcat kasutamine Apache veebiserveriga

TODO

URI teisendamine

Üks võimalus korraldada nii, et brauseris pöördutaks / poole ja Tomcatis /rakendus poole on kasutada RewriteRule'i 

JkMount /rakendus* ajp13_worker_teisendatud

RewriteEngine On
RewriteRule ^/rakendus - [L]

RewriteRule ^/(.*) /rakendus/$1 [PT]

Päringute logimine

Tomcat seadistusfaili conf/server.xml Engine sektsioonis sobib kasutada nt sellist konstruktsiooni 

<Valve className="org.apache.catalina.valves.AccessLogValve"
  directory="logs" prefix="localhost_access_log." suffix=".log"
  pattern="common" resolveHosts="false"/>

Tulemusena ilmub logi faili logs/localhost_access_log.2010-10-18.log.

Kasulikud lisamaterjalid

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