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| (ei näidata 3 kasutaja 118 vahepealset redaktsiooni) |
| 1. rida: |
1. rida: |
| − | Postfix
| + | ===Sissejuhatus=== |
| | | | |
| − | Postfix on vabavaraline mail transfre agent (MTA), serveritarkvara mis mõeldud | + | Postfix on postiedastusagent (ingl. k. mail transport agent, MTA). Postiedastusagendi ülesanne on sooritada kontrolle, võtta epost vastu võrgust või lokaalselt ja anda edasi |
| − | emailide vastuvõtmiseks ning saatmiseks. Postfixi kiirus, kergelt administreeritavus ja turvalisus
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| − | on teinud sellest ühe enimkasutatava mta ja laialdase alternatiivi sendmailile.
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| | | | |
| − | Postfix on paljude operatsioonisüsteemide vaikimisi mta'ks, näiteks ubuntul.
| + | * postijaotusagendile (ingl. k. mail delivery agent, MDA) kirjade kasutajate postkastidesse jaotamiseks või kopeerida ise failisüsteemi |
| | + | * järgmisele postiedastusagendile |
| | + | * viiruste ja spämmi analüüsi süsteemile |
| | | | |
| | + | Postiedastusagent on epostisüsteemi keskne komponent, mis ühendab kokku kõik eposti liikumisega toimuvad tegevused |
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| − | | + | internet (teised MTA'd) |
| − | Postfixi põhilisteks seadistusfailideks on main.cf ja master.cf. Main.cf sisaldab
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| − | postfixi seadistusparameetreid mis vajalikud mailide liigutamiseks ning master.cf seadistab deemonprotsesse
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| − | Kõige lihtsamaks main.cf seadistuseks oleks
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| − | | |
| − | smtpd_banner = $myhostname ESMTP no spam please ;)
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| − | | |
| − | myhostname = kool.edu.ee
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| − | mydomain = $myhostname
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| − | myorigin = $mydomain
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| − | | |
| − | inet_interfaces = all
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| − | mynetworks = 127.0.0.0/8, 192.168.1.0/24
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| − | | |
| − | mydestination = $myhostname, localhost.$mydomain, /usr/local/etc/postfix/mydestination
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| − | | |
| − | unknown_local_recipient_reject_code = 550
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| − | | |
| − | alias_maps = hash:/etc/mail/aliases
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| − | alias_database = hash:/etc/mail/aliases
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| − | | |
| − | home_mailbox = mbox
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| − | | |
| − | | |
| − | smtpd_sender_restrictions =
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| − | permit_mynetworks,
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| − | reject_unknown_sender_domain
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| − | | |
| − | smtpd_recipient_restrictions =
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| − | permit_mynetworks,
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| − | reject_unauth_destination
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| − | | |
| − | | |
| − | | |
| − | queue_directory = /var/spool/postfix
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| − | command_directory = /usr/local/sbin
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| − | daemon_directory = /usr/local/libexec/postfix
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| − | mail_owner = postfix
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| − | mail_spool_directory = /var/mail
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| − | debug_peer_level = 2
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| − | sendmail_path = /usr/local/sbin/sendmail
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| − | newaliases_path = /usr/local/bin/newaliases
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| − | mailq_path = /usr/local/bin/mailq
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| − | setgid_group = maildrop
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| − | html_directory = no
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| − | manpage_directory = /usr/local/man
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| − | sample_directory = /usr/local/etc/postfix
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| − | readme_directory = no
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| − | Mailiserverite võrdlused
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| − | | |
| − | http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_mail_servers
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| − | | |
| − | redhat'i postfixi põhjalikud manualid
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| − | | |
| − | http://www.redhat.com/support/resources/howto/RH-postfix-HOWTO/x368.html
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| − | | |
| − | postfixi arhidektuuri täpsem ülevaade
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| − | http://www.postfix.org/OVERVIEW.html
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| − | '''Serveritarkvara paigaldus'''
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| − | | |
| − | amavisd-new
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| − | | |
| − | clamav
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| − | | |
| − | Kogu süsteem toimib nii, et postfix annab kirja edasi amavisd'le, mis kontrollib seda kasutades amavisd'd ja smapsassassinit
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| − | | |
| − | | |
| − | '''Seadistus postfix'''
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| − | | |
| − | main.cf
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| − | | |
| − | content_filter = amavis:[127.0.0.1]:10024
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| − |
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| − | smtpd_sender_restrictions =
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| − | reject_unknown_sender_domain,
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| − | permit_mynetworks,
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| − | reject_rbl_client bl.spamcop.net,
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| − | reject_rbl_client relays.ordb.org,
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| − | reject_rbl_client sbl-xbl.spamhaus.org
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| − | | |
| − | master.cf
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| − | | |
| − | localhost:10025 inet n - n - - smtpd
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| − | -o content_filter=
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| − | -o local_recipient_maps=
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| − | -o relay_recipient_maps=
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| − | -o myhostname=localhost.eenet.ee
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| − | -o smtpd_helo_restrictions=
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| − | -o smtpd_client_restrictions=
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| − | -o smtpd_sender_restrictions=
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| − | -o smtpd_recipient_restrictions=permit_mynetworks,reject
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| − | -o mynetworks=127.0.0.0/8
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| − | #
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| − | amavis unix - - n - 4 smtp
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| − | -o smtp_data_done_timeout=1200
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| − | -o smtp_send_xforward_command=yes
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| − | -o disable_dns_lookups=yes
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| − | | |
| − | | |
| − | '''konfig amavisd'''
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| − | | |
| − | use strict;
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| − |
| |
| − | $max_servers = 4; # number of pre-forked children (2..15 is common)
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| − | $daemon_user = 'vscan'; # (no default; customary: vscan or amavis)
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| − | $daemon_group = 'vscan'; # (no default; customary: vscan or amavis)
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| − |
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| − | $mydomain = 'eenet.ee'; # a convenient default for other settings
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| − |
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| − | $MYHOME = '/var/amavis'; # a convenient default for other settings
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| − | $TEMPBASE = "$MYHOME/tmp"; # working directory, needs to be created manually
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| − | $ENV{TMPDIR} = $TEMPBASE; # environment variable TMPDIR
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| − | $QUARANTINEDIR = '/var/virusmails';
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| − | @local_domains_maps = ( [".$mydomain"] );
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| − |
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| − | $log_level = 2; # verbosity 0..5
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| − | $log_recip_templ = undef; # disable by-recipient level-0 log entries
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| − | $DO_SYSLOG = 1; # log via syslogd (preferred)
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| − | $SYSLOG_LEVEL = 'mail.debug';
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| − |
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| − | $enable_db = 1; # enable use of BerkeleyDB/libdb (SNMP and nanny)
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| − | $enable_global_cache = 1; # enable use of libdb-based cache if $enable_db=1
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| − |
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| − | $inet_socket_port = 10024; # listen on this local TCP port(s) (see $protocol)
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| − |
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| − | $sa_tag_level_deflt = undef; # add spam info headers if at, or above that level
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| − | $sa_tag2_level_deflt = 5.0; # add 'spam detected' headers at that level
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| − | $sa_kill_level_deflt = 7.0; # triggers spam evasive actions
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| − | $sa_dsn_cutoff_level = 9; # spam level beyond which a DSN is not sent
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| − | $sa_quarantine_cutoff_level = 20; # spam level beyond which quarantine is off
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| − | $sa_mail_body_size_limit = 200*1024; # don't waste time on SA if mail is larger
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| − | $sa_local_tests_only = 0; # only tests which do not require internet access?
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| − | $sa_auto_whitelist = 1; # turn on AWL in SA 2.63 or older (irrelevant
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| − | $virus_admin = undef; # notifications recip.
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| − |
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| − | $mailfrom_notify_admin = "virusalert\@$mydomain"; # notifications sender
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| − | $mailfrom_notify_recip = "virusalert\@$mydomain"; # notifications sender
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| − | $mailfrom_notify_spamadmin = "spam.police\@$mydomain"; # notifications sender
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| − | $mailfrom_to_quarantine = ''; # null return path; uses original sender if undef
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| − |
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| − | @addr_extension_virus_maps = ('virus');
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| − | @addr_extension_spam_maps = ('spam');
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| − | @addr_extension_banned_maps = ('banned');
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| − | @addr_extension_bad_header_maps = ('badh');
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| − |
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| − | $path = '/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/sbin:/usr/bin:/bin';
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| − |
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| − | $MAXLEVELS = 14;
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| − | $MAXFILES = 1500;
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| − | $MIN_EXPANSION_QUOTA = 100*1024; # bytes (default undef, not enforced)
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| − | $MAX_EXPANSION_QUOTA = 300*1024*1024; # bytes (default undef, not enforced)
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| − |
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| − | $sa_spam_subject_tag = '***SPAM*** ';
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| − | $defang_virus = 1; # MIME-wrap passed infected mail
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| − | $defang_banned = 1; # MIME-wrap passed mail containing banned name
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| − |
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| − | $final_virus_destiny = D_DISCARD;
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| − | $final_banned_destiny = D_DISCARD;
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| − | $final_spam_destiny = D_DISCARD;
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| − | $final_bad_header_destiny = D_PASS;
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| − |
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| − | [qr/^/ => 1], # true for everything else
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| − | ));
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| − |
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| − | @keep_decoded_original_maps = (new_RE(
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| − | qr'^MAIL-UNDECIPHERABLE$', # recheck full mail if it contains undecipherables
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| − | qr'^(ASCII(?! cpio)|text|uuencoded|xxencoded|binhex)'i,
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| − | ));
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| − |
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| − | $banned_filename_re = new_RE(
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| − |
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| − | # block certain double extensions anywhere in the base name
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| − | qr'\.[^./]*[A-Za-z][^./]*\.(exe|vbs|pif|scr|bat|cmd|com|cpl|dll)\.?$'i,
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| − |
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| − | qr'^application/x-msdownload$'i, # block these MIME types
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| − | qr'^application/x-msdos-program$'i,
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| − | qr'^application/hta$'i,
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| − |
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| − | [ qr'^\.(rpm|cpio|tar)$' => 0 ], # allow any in Unix-type archives
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| − | qr'.\.(exe|vbs|pif|scr|bat|cmd|com|cpl)$'i, # banned extension - basic
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| − | qr'^\.(exe-ms)$', # banned file(1) types
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| − | );
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| − |
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| − | @score_sender_maps = ({ # a by-recipient hash lookup table,
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| − | # results from all matching recipient tables are summed
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| − | '.' => [ # the _first_ matching sender determines the score boost
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| − |
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| − | new_RE( # regexp-type lookup table, just happens to be all soft-blacklist
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| − | [qr'^(bulkmail|offers|cheapbenefits|earnmoney|foryou)@'i => 5.0],
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| − | [qr'^(greatcasino|investments|lose_weight_today|market\.alert)@'i=> 5.0],
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| − | [qr'^(money2you|MyGreenCard|new\.tld\.registry|opt-out|opt-in)@'i=> 5.0],
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| − | [qr'^(optin|saveonlsmoking2002k|specialoffer|specialoffers)@'i => 5.0],
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| − | [qr'^(stockalert|stopsnoring|wantsome|workathome|yesitsfree)@'i => 5.0],
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| − | [qr'^(your_friend|greatoffers)@'i => 5.0],
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| − | [qr'^(inkjetplanet|marketopt|MakeMoney)\d*@'i => 5.0],
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| − | ),
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| − |
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| − | { # a hash-type lookup table (associative array)
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| − | 'pac@c-s.fr' => -3.0,
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| − | 'nobody@cert.org' => -3.0,
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| − | 'cert-advisory@us-cert.gov' => -3.0,
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| − | 'owner-alert@iss.net' => -3.0,
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| − | 'slashdot@slashdot.org' => -3.0,
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| − | 'bugtraq@securityfocus.com' => -3.0,
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| − | 'ntbugtraq@listserv.ntbugtraq.com' => -3.0,
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| − | 'security-alerts@linuxsecurity.com' => -3.0,
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| − | 'mailman-announce-admin@python.org' => -3.0,
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| − | 'amavis-user-admin@lists.sourceforge.net'=> -3.0,
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| − | 'notification-return@lists.sophos.com' => -3.0,
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| − | 'owner-postfix-users@postfix.org' => -3.0,
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| − | 'owner-postfix-announce@postfix.org' => -3.0,
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| − | 'owner-sendmail-announce@lists.sendmail.org' => -3.0,
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| − | 'sendmail-announce-request@lists.sendmail.org' => -3.0,
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| − | 'donotreply@sendmail.org' => -3.0,
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| − | 'ca+envelope@sendmail.org' => -3.0,
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| − | 'noreply@freshmeat.net' => -3.0,
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| − | 'owner-technews@postel.acm.org' => -3.0,
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| − | 'ietf-123-owner@loki.ietf.org' => -3.0,
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| − | 'cvs-commits-list-admin@gnome.org' => -3.0,
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| − | 'rt-users-admin@lists.fsck.com' => -3.0,
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| − | 'clp-request@comp.nus.edu.sg' => -3.0,
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| − | 'surveys-errors@lists.nua.ie' => -3.0,
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| − | 'emailnews@genomeweb.com' => -5.0,
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| − | 'yahoo-dev-null@yahoo-inc.com' => -3.0,
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| − | 'returns.groups.yahoo.com' => -3.0,
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| − | 'clusternews@linuxnetworx.com' => -3.0,
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| − | lc('lvs-users-admin@LinuxVirtualServer.org') => -3.0,
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| − | lc('owner-textbreakingnews@CNNIMAIL12.CNN.COM') => -5.0,
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| − |
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| − | # soft-blacklisting (positive score)
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| − | 'sender@example.net' => 3.0,
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| − | '.example.net' => 1.0,
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| − | },
| |
| − | ], # end of site-wide tables
| |
| − | });
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| − |
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| − | @decoders = (
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| − | ['mail', \&do_mime_decode],
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| − | ['asc', \&do_ascii],
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| − | ['uue', \&do_ascii],
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| − | ['hqx', \&do_ascii],
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| − | ['ync', \&do_ascii],
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| − | ['F', \&do_uncompress, ['unfreeze','freeze -d','melt','fcat'] ],
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| − | ['Z', \&do_uncompress, ['uncompress','gzip -d','zcat'] ],
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| − | ['gz', \&do_gunzip],
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| − | ['gz', \&do_uncompress, 'gzip -d'],
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| − | ['bz2', \&do_uncompress, 'bzip2 -d'],
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| − | ['lzo', \&do_uncompress, 'lzop -d'],
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| − | ['rpm', \&do_uncompress, ['rpm2cpio.pl','rpm2cpio'] ],
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| − | ['cpio', \&do_pax_cpio, ['pax','gcpio','cpio'] ],
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| − | ['tar', \&do_pax_cpio, ['pax','gcpio','cpio'] ],
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| − | ['tar', \&do_tar],
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| − | ['deb', \&do_ar, 'ar'],
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| − | ['zip', \&do_unzip],
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| − | ['rar', \&do_unrar, ['rar','unrar'] ],
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| − | ['arj', \&do_unarj, ['arj','unarj'] ],
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| − | ['arc', \&do_arc, ['nomarch','arc'] ],
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| − | ['zoo', \&do_zoo, 'zoo'],
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| − | ['lha', \&do_lha, 'lha'],
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| − | ['cab', \&do_cabextract, 'cabextract'],
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| − | ['tnef', \&do_tnef],
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| − | ['exe', \&do_executable, ['rar','unrar'], 'lha', ['arj','unarj'] ],
| |
| − | );
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| − |
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| − | @av_scanners = (
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| − |
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| − | ### http://www.clamav.net/
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| − | ['ClamAV-clamd',
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| − | \&ask_daemon, ["CONTSCAN {}\n", "/var/run/clamav/clamd"],
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| − | qr/\bOK$/, qr/\bFOUND$/,
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| − | qr/^.*?: (?!Infected Archive)(.*) FOUND$/ ],
| |
| | | | |
| − | );
| + | | ^ |
| − |
| + | v | |
| − | @av_scanners_backup = (
| + | _____ |
| − | );
| + | spämmi ja <----> | | <---- lokaalne meilisaatja (nn /usr/sbin/sendmail STDIO) |
| − | | + | viiruste analüüs | MTA | <---- MTA klient, nt Icedove või Thunderbird |
| − | | + | |_____| ----> postijaotusagent nt Cyrus või lihtsamal juhul kopeeritakse |
| − | | + | kiri faili /var/mail/kasutajanimilinefail |
| − | '''Automaatne start'''
| |
| − | | |
| − | amavisd_enable="YES" | |
| − | clamav_clamd_enable="YES"
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| − | clamav_freshclam_enable="YES"
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| − | | |
| − | '''Spamitõrje uuendus'''
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| − | | |
| − | sa-update -D
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| − | | |
| − | spamassassin --lint && /usr/local/etc/rc.d/spamd.sh.sample restart
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| − | --lint kontrollib ega reeglites kala pole | |
| − | | |
| | | | |
| − | '''Kontroll töötamisel'''
| + | Kuutõrvajas on käsitletud seoses Postfixi kasutamisega selliseid teemasid |
| | | | |
| − | Heidame pilgu maillog faili, kõigi kirjadekohta peaks tekkima rida
| + | * [[:Mailman kasutamine FreeBSD'ga]] |
| | + | * [[:Cyrus kasutamine Gentooga]] |
| | + | * [[:Postfix'i kasutamine Debianiga]] |
| | + | * [[:Postfix'i arhitektuuri kirjeldus ja kasutamise keerulisemad võimalused]] |
| | + | * [[:Kahetasemelise Postfix'i süsteemi kasutamine Debianiga]] |
| | + | * [[:Cyruse kasutamine Postfixi ja Debianiga]] |
| | + | * [[:Mailmani kasutamine Postfixi ja Debianiga]] |
| | + | * [[:Sympa kasutamine Postfixi ja Debianiga]] |
| | + | * [[:Amavis kasutamine Debian Lenniga]] |
| | + | * [[:Postfix'i SMTP AUTH üle TLS vastu Postgresql baasi Debianiga]] |
| | + | * [[:Opportunistic encryption kasutamine Postfixiga]] |
| | + | * [[:Squirrelmail kasutamine Debian Lennyga]] |
| | + | * [[Postfix + courier + mysql]] FreeBSD postfix mailisüsteem koos mysql'is olevate kasutajate ning veebihaldusliidesega paigaldusõpetus |
| | + | * [[:SPF kasutamine Postfixiga]] |
