FAI kasutamine Debianiga

Sissejuhatus

FAI (Fully Automated Installation) http://www.informatik.uni-koeln.de/fai/ süsteem võimaldab korraldada automaatset operatsioonisüsteemi paigaldadamist ühele või paljudele arvutitele.

FAI serveri ettevalmistamine

FAI serverisse tuleb paigaldada paketid

 # apt-get install fai-quickstart

Peale tarkvara paigaldamist tuleb /etc/fai/fai.conf seadistusfail üle vaadata, tõenäoliselt vaikeväärtused sobivad

 LOGUSER=
 FAI_LOGPROTO=ssh
 FAI_CONFIGDIR=/srv/fai/config
 MNTPOINT=/media/mirror
 FAI=/var/lib/fai/config

FAI NFS serveriga seotud seadistused on kirjeldatud failis make-fai-nfsroot.conf

 NFSROOT=/srv/fai/nfsroot
 TFTPROOT=/srv/tftp/fai
 FAI_DEBOOTSTRAP="lenny http://ftp.ee.debian.org/debian"
 FAI_ROOTPW='$1$kBnWcO.E$djxB128U7dMkrltJHPf6d1'
 FAI_DEBOOTSTRAP_OPTS="--exclude=dhcp-client,info"

FAI serveri sh NFS komponendi ettevalmistamiseks tuleb öelda

 # fai-setup -v

DHCP serveri ettevalmistamine

DHCP serveriks sobib kasutada sellise seadistusfaili /etc/dhcp3/dhcpd.conf

 deny unknown-clients;
 option dhcp-max-message-size 2048;
 use-host-decl-names on;
 
 subnet 192.168.10.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
   option routers 192.168.10.254;
   option domain-name "auul";
   option domain-name-servers 192.168.10.254;
   option time-servers faiserver;
   option ntp-servers faiserver;
   server-name faiserver;
   next-server faiserver;
   filename "pxelinux.0";
 }
 
 host fai-client-1 {
    hardware ethernet 70:01:68:01:02:20;
    fixed-address fai-client-1;
 }

TFTPD serveri ettevalmistamine

TFTPD serveri jaoks peab /etc/initd.conf failis sisalduma rida ning initd deemon peab käima

 tftp dgram udp wait root /usr/sbin/in.tftpd /usr/sbin/in.tftpd -s /srv/tftp/fai

NFS serveri ettevalmistamine

NFS serveri /etc/exports seadistatakse tõenäoliselt automaatselt, aga ta peaks sisaldama midagi sellist

 /srv/fai/config 192.168.10.0/255.255.255.0(async,ro,no_subtree_check)
 /srv/fai/nfsroot 192.168.10.0/255.255.255.0(async,ro,no_subtree_check,no_root_squash)

Xen HVM domU ettevalmistamine

FAI katsetamises sobib kasutada Xen HVM domU'd, nt sellise seadistusfailiga

 name="fai_client_1"
 memory=128
 vif  = [ 'mac=70:01:68:01:02:20,bridge=xenbr0' ]
 vcpus="1"
 
 kernel = '/usr/lib/xen-3.2-1/boot/hvmloader'
 device_model = "/usr/lib/xen-3.2-1/bin/qemu-dm"
 builder = 'hvm'
 disk    = [ 'phy:/dev/c_data/fai_client_1,ioemu:hda,w' ]
 
 cdrom="/dev/hdc"
 boot='c'  #d is cdrom boot, c is disk boot.
 vnc="1"
 vncviewer="1"
 sdl="0" 
 vcpus=1
 pae=1
 acpi=0
 apic=0

Sobiva PXE seadistuse genereerimiseks tuleb öelda

 # fai-chboot -IFv fai-client-1

Tulemusena tekitatakse fai-client-1 jaoks sobib PXE seadistusfail /srv/tftp/fai/pxelinux.cfg/C0A80AC8

 # generated by fai-chboot for host fai-client-1 with IP 192.168.10.200
 default fai-generated
 
 label fai-generated
 kernel vmlinuz-2.6.26-2-amd64
 append initrd=initrd.img-2.6.26-2-amd64 ip=dhcp  root=/dev/nfs nfsroot=/srv/fai/nfsroot boot=live \
   FAI_FLAGS=verbose,sshd,reboot FAI_ACTION=install

Kasulikud lisamaterjalid

• http://www.informatik.uni-koeln.de/fai/